Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Also known as: Goober, Pindar

The peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an annual legume that typically reaches heights of 46 to 61 cm. This plant features golden yellow blossoms in the spring, which, after pollination, lead to the development of seeds beneath the soil. Peanuts are primarily cultivated for their nutritious seeds, which are used in various foods and for producing peanut oil.

In This Article

Care Tips Water Sunlight Temperature Soil Fertilize Prune Propagation Repotting Toxicity

Attributes of Peanut

Lifespan

Annual

Plant Type

Herb

Plant Height

23 cm to 46 cm

Spread

23 cm to 45 cm

Leaf Color

Green

Flower Size

2.5 cm to 8 cm

Flower Color

Yellow Orange

Images of Peanut

Quickly Identify Peanut

Yellow flowers with orange veins and no scent, blooming in July-September, crucial for identification.

Subterranean cylindrical pods, 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) long, containing 1-6 seeds with distinctive constrictions.

Pinnately compound leaves with elliptical leaflets, folding at night to conserve water, measuring 3-7 cm.

Sturdy stem, erect or prostrate, angular with fine hairs, 0.1-0.5 inches (0.25-1.25 cm) in diameter.

Geocarpic plant with fruits underground, reaching 1.5 feet (45 cm) tall, unique reproductive process.

Scientific Classification of Peanut

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Dicotyledons

Order

Fabales

Family

Legume

Genus

Arachis

Species

Peanut

Planting and Growing of Peanut

Care Difficulty

Easy

Watering Schedule

Every 4 days

Sunlight Requirements

Full sun

Sunshine Duration

4-8 hours

Ideal Temperature

68-86℉

Soil Type

Potting Mix, Peat Mix

Soil pH

6.5-7.5

Fertilizer Type

Balanced

Pruning Season

Spring, Summer

Pruning Area

Branches, Leaves

Pruning Frequency

2 times a year

Repotting Season

Spring

Pot Type

Terracotta, Plastic

How to Water Peanut?

Watering Arachis hypogaea, or the peanut plant, requires a consistent yet moderate approach. Aim for approximately 500 milliliters of water per session until the soil is evenly moist without becoming waterlogged. The goal is to provide sufficient hydration to reach the root zone without drowning the plant.

What are the symptoms of an underwatered Peanut? ›

What should I do if my Peanut is not getting enough water? ›

What are the symptoms of an overwatered Peanut? ›

How to save an overwatered Peanut? ›

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What Are the Sunlight Requirements for Peanut?

Sunlight Requirements: Full sun

Duration of light: 6 to 8 hours

Arachis hypogaea ideally requires full sun, translating to about 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight daily. This light condition fosters optimal growth and development, ensuring the plant has ample energy for nutrient uptake, leading to vigorous growth and maximizing peanut production.

What kind of light does Arachis hypogaea prefer? ›

How can you ensure the optimal sun exposure for Arachis hypogaea? ›

What benefits does ideal lighting bring to Arachis hypogaea's growth? ›

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What Is the Ideal Temperature Range for Peanut?

Ideal Temperature: 68 ~ 86℉

The ideal temperature for Arachis hypogaea, commonly known as the peanut plant, ranges from 68 to 86°F. Within this temperature range, the plant can efficiently carry out photosynthesis and other metabolic processes. It ensures that the plant experiences optimal growth and achieves productive yields. Consistent temperatures in this range help in bolstering the plant's immunity against diseases and pests, contributing to robust development.

What Soil is Best for Peanut?

Soil type: Loam, Sandy loam, Sand soil

Soil PH: 6.5 ~ 7.5

Arachis hypogaea thrives in well-drained soil, as it prevents water logging which can lead to root rot. Ensuring good drainage enhances root development and nutrient uptake. The soil for Arachis hypogaea should be rich in organic matter to support vigorous plant growth. This nutrient-rich environment supplies the necessary minerals and boosts peanut yield. While drainage is vital, the soil should also have the capacity to retain moisture. This balance ensures that the plant receives consistent water supply without the risk of saturation. More About Soil→

How to Fertilize Peanut?

Fertilizer type: Balanced

For Arachis hypogaea, fertilization should provide an adequate balance of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Use around 20-40 kg/ha of nitrogen, especially during early growth stages, to promote lush foliage and strong stem development. Phosphorus and potassium, in similar amounts, boost root growth and nut development. More About Fertilizing Techniques→

How to Prune Peanut?

Pruning Time: Spring, Summer, Autumn

Begin by removing any dead or diseased branches with a clean cut. Next, trim any excess branches that cross over each other or impede airflow. Aim to create an open structure that allows sunlight to reach inner leaves. Be mindful not to remove more than one-third of the plant at once to avoid shock. After pruning, water the plant thoroughly to help it recover and encourage new growth. Applying a balanced fertilizer can also support healthy development. Monitor the plant over the following weeks, looking for signs of stress or regrowth. More About Pruning Techniques→

How to Propagate Peanut plant?

Propagate Time: Spring, Early summer

Start by filling the seed tray with a suitable potting mix, ensuring it's moist but not waterlogged. This step is crucial because a well-prepared tray optimizes seed germination

Place seeds approximately 1 inch apart in the tray, covering them lightly with the potting mix. Be gentle to avoid damaging the seeds and ensure they are planted at an appropriate depth.

After sowing, maintain soil moisture by gently spraying with water. Consistent moisture is key for enabling seed germination and subsequent seedling growth.

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How to Repot Peanut plant?

Repotting frequency: Every two years

Arachis hypogaea should be repotted when you notice its roots protruding through the drainage holes. Another signal is when the plant seems rootbound, and growth is stunted or slower than usual. The ideal time for repotting is during the growing seasons of spring or early summer when the plant can recover swiftly.

Select a pot that is at least two inches larger in diameter than the previous one. Clay or terracotta pots are preferable because they permit better air circulation than plastic pots. This helps in preventing waterlogging, which can lead to root rot in Arachis hypogaea.

Opt for well-draining loamy soil rich in nutrients. This type of soil facilitates proper drainage and aeration, which is essential for the root development of Arachis hypogaea. Avoid using overly dense or clay soils, as they might retain excess moisture.

Toxicity of Peanut

Is Peanut toxic to humans?

Peanut plants are a widely cultivated food crop across the globe, yet for certain individuals, their nuts pose serious threats and may even be fatal. Peanut allergy ranks among the more prevalent and severe allergies, with the potential for life-threatening consequences. This condition is increasingly common, particularly among children who are the most affected. The allergy is triggered by specific proteins found in the seeds, hulls, and oils of peanuts. Symptoms can manifest as skin rashes upon contact, nausea, gastrointestinal distress, chills, and vomiting if ingested, as well as asthma-like symptoms if peanut dust is inhaled. Even minimal traces of peanuts, such as from cross-contamination, can provoke a reaction. In extreme instances, anaphylactic shock, which is life-threatening, may occur. If anyone in your household is allergic to peanuts, it is advisable not to cultivate them in your garden.

WARNING

The judgment on toxicity and danger is for reference only. We DO NOT GUARANTEE any accuracy of such judgment. Therefore, you SHALL NOT rely on such judgment. It is IMPORTANT TO SEEK PROFESSIONAL ADVICE in advance when necessary.

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