Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)

Also known as: All-heal, Common valerian

The name 'Valerian' is derived from the Latin word "valere," which means "to be healthy," reflecting its traditional use for health benefits. In gardening, valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is popular for its ornamental value, featuring clusters of small, fragrant flowers that bloom in summer. It was likely introduced to North America for garden cultivation but has since become an invasive species in some areas. Gardeners appreciate it not only for its visual appeal but also for its ability to attract pollinators like bees and butterflies.

In This Article

Care Tips Water Sunlight Temperature Soil Fertilize Prune Propagation Repotting Toxicity

Attributes of Valerian

Lifespan

Perennial, Annual

Plant Type

Herb

Plant Height

1.5 m

Spread

45 cm to 90 cm

Leaf Color

Green

Flower Size

5 mm

Flower Color

White Pink

Images of Valerian

Quickly Identify Valerian

Umbels of fragrant white or pale pink flowers, 2-5 inches (5-12 cm) across.

Odd-pinnate leaves with 4-9 pairs of deep lobes and a terminal lobe, up to 8 inches (20 cm) long.

Hollow stem, pubescent with sparse hairs, reaching up to 5 feet (150 cm) in height.

Achenes with tufts of hair for wind dispersal, measuring about 0.08 inches (2 mm) in length.

Moist environment-loving herbaceous perennial with upright stems, prone to flopping in shade.

Scientific Classification of Valerian

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Dicotyledons

Order

Honeysuckles, moschatels and allies

Family

Honeysuckle

Genus

Valeriana

Species

Valerian

Planting and Growing of Valerian

Care Difficulty

Easy

Watering Schedule

Every 3 days

Sunlight Requirements

Partial sun

Sunshine Duration

4-8 hours

Ideal Temperature

59-77℉

Soil Type

Potting Mix, Peat Mix

Soil pH

6.5-7.5

Fertilizer Type

Balanced

Pruning Season

Spring, Summer

Pruning Area

Branches, Leaves

Pruning Frequency

2 times a year

Repotting Season

Spring

Pot Type

Plastic, Ceramic

How to Water Valerian?

For Valeriana officinalis, ensure that the soil is adequately moist but not waterlogged. Water with about 250 ml per session, enough to moisten the top 2 inches of the soil. Always make sure excess water can drain away to prevent root rot.

What are the symptoms of an underwatered Valerian? ›

What should I do if my Valerian is not getting enough water? ›

What are the symptoms of an overwatered Valerian? ›

How to save an overwatered Valerian? ›

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What Are the Sunlight Requirements for Valerian?

Sunlight Requirements: Partial sun

Duration of light: 4 to 6 hours

Valeriana officinalis thrives best in a partial sun environment, allowing it to benefit from both sun and modest shade. This balance enhances photosynthetic efficiency, encourages healthy growth, and supports strong aromatic qualities.

How much sunlight is ideal for Valeriana officinalis? ›

What solutions ensure ideal light conditions? ›

What benefits does ideal light bring to this plant? ›

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What Is the Ideal Temperature Range for Valerian?

Ideal Temperature: 59 ~ 77℉

The ideal temperature range for Valeriana officinalis, commonly known as valerian, is between 59°F and 77°F. This range promotes optimal growth and ensures the plant's metabolic processes function efficiently. Maintaining these temperatures helps in achieving the best yield and aromatic quality of valerian's roots, which are used for their sedative properties.

What Soil is Best for Valerian?

Soil type: Loam, Peat soil, Sandy loam

Soil PH: 6.5 ~ 7.5

Valeriana officinalis thrives in moist environments, but it doesn’t like to sit in water. The right soil should retain moisture without becoming waterlogged, ensuring the roots have constant access to water and nutrients. This helps in promoting healthy growth and prevents root rot. A nutrient-rich soil is essential for the vibrant growth of Valeriana officinalis. The soil should be high in organic matter, providing a constant supply of nutrients. This ensures the plant has all the essential elements for photosynthesis and overall development. Soil that drains well is imperative to prevent water accumulation around the roots. The roots require both oxygen and water, and well-draining soil structure facilitates this balance, preventing fungal diseases and encouraging root aeration. More About Soil→

How to Fertilize Valerian?

Fertilizer type: Balanced

For Valeriana officinalis, a balanced fertilizer with equal NPK ratio works best. Use about 10 grams of fertilizer per plant per application. Avoid excess as it can lead to nutrient burn. More About Fertilizing Techniques→

How to Prune Valerian?

Pruning Time: Spring, Summer, Autumn

Begin pruning by inspecting your Valeriana officinalis for dead or diseased stems. Use sharp, clean pruning shears to cut these back to healthy wood. Next, focus on maintaining the plant’s shape by trimming back overgrown or unruly stems. This not only improves appearance but also allows light to penetrate the plant, reaching inner leaves and promoting lush growth. When cutting, make your prunings about a quarter-inch above the bud, ensuring an outward-facing bud to encourage growth in the desired direction. Finish by lightly trimming the top to encourage bushiness and denser growth, but avoid severe cuts which can shock the plant. More About Pruning Techniques→

How to Propagate Valerian plant?

Propagate Time: Spring, Early spring

Sow valerian seeds on the surface of well-draining potting mix. Lightly press them into the soil without covering, as light aids germination. Keep the soil consistently moist until germination occurs.

When dividing, carefully lift the plant and gently separate the root clumps using your hands or a sharp tool. Replant them promptly to minimize root exposure and stress.

Select healthy and thick roots for cuttings. Cut them into sections about 2-3 inches long. Plant them horizontally in a well-draining medium, leaving a portion exposed to air for sprouting.

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How to Repot Valerian plant?

Repotting frequency: Every 2-3 years

Look for signs such as roots growing out of the drainage holes, stunted growth, or the soil drying out too quickly. These indicate it's time to repot Valeriana officinalis. Spring and autumn are ideal times, providing a balance of light and warmth for recovery.

Select a pot that is 1-2 inches larger in diameter than the current one to allow for root growth. It should have drainage holes to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root rot. A sturdy pot ensures the plant remains upright as it grows.

Opt for a well-draining, loamy soil mix to support root health and prevent waterlogging. A good soil mix provides necessary nutrients, promoting a strong root structure essential for the plant's overall vigor.

Toxicity of Valerian

Is Valerian toxic to humans?

Valerian may cause negative effects for individuals who consume it. While these effects are generally rare and mild, they can escalate to more severe issues in extreme situations, potentially resulting in organ damage. Consumption of any part of the plant can provoke toxic reactions such as gastrointestinal distress, headaches, trouble sleeping, and excessive drowsiness. In severe instances, it can lead to liver damage. Since some individuals use this plant as a sleep enhancer, they might suffer these adverse reactions after intentionally ingesting it.

WARNING

The judgment on toxicity and danger is for reference only. We DO NOT GUARANTEE any accuracy of such judgment. Therefore, you SHALL NOT rely on such judgment. It is IMPORTANT TO SEEK PROFESSIONAL ADVICE in advance when necessary.

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