Zanzibar gem (Zamioculcas zamiifolia)

Also known as: Aroid palm, Emerald palm

The ZZ plant (Zamioculcas zamiifolia), also known as the emerald palm, is native to eastern Africa. It is highly regarded for its vibrant, glossy green leaves and is popular worldwide as a houseplant due to its low maintenance requirements. While the plant is mildly toxic if ingested, the risk is generally considered to be low.

In This Article

Care Tips Water Sunlight Temperature Soil Fertilize Prune Propagation Repotting Toxicity

Plant Comprehensive Care Guide: Beginner's Introduction and Key Details

Perfect for beginners starting their plant care journey

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10 Secrets to Making Zanzibar gem Grow Faster (A Must-Read for Beginners)

Advanced tips to accelerate your plant's growth

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Care "Black Tech": 10 Little-Known Highly Effective Maintenance Tips

Expert-level techniques for optimal plant care

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Attributes of Zanzibar gem

Lifespan

Perennial

Plant Type

Herb

Plant Height

30 cm to 60 cm

Spread

60 cm to 1.2 m

Leaf Color

Green

Flower Size

5 cm to 7 cm

Flower Color

White Green Cream

Images of Zanzibar gem

Quickly Identify Zanzibar gem

Shiny, dark green, waxy leaves

Pinnately compound, glossy green leaves with elliptic shape

Thick, fleshy stems with smooth texture and gradual tapering

Distinctive white spadix and green spathe flowers

Compact, slow growth pattern reaching 2-4 feet (60-120 cm)

Scientific Classification of Zanzibar gem

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Monocotyledons

Order

Water plantains and allies

Family

Arum

Genus

Eternity plant

Species

Zanzibar gem

Planting and Growing of Zanzibar gem

Care Difficulty

Easy

Watering Schedule

Every 2 days

Sunlight Requirements

Partial sun

Sunshine Duration

4-6 hours

Ideal Temperature

65-75℉

Soil Type

Potting Mix, Peat Mix

Soil pH

6.5-7.5

Fertilizer Type

Balanced

Pruning Season

Spring, Summer

Pruning Area

Branches, Leaves

Pruning Frequency

2 times a year

Repotting Season

Spring

Pot Type

Plastic, Ceramic

How to Water Zanzibar gem?

For Zamioculcas zamiifolia, ensure the top 2-3 inches of soil are dry before watering. This houseplant prefers its soil to dry out completely between waterings, so be cautious to avoid waterlogging. Water thoroughly, allowing the excess to drain out completely to prevent standing water at the pot's bottom.

What are the symptoms of an underwatered Zanzibar gem? ›

What should I do if my Zanzibar gem is not getting enough water? ›

What are the symptoms of an overwatered Zanzibar gem? ›

How to save an overwatered Zanzibar gem? ›

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What Are the Sunlight Requirements for Zanzibar gem?

Sunlight Requirements: Partial sun, Full shade

Duration of light: 2 to 4 hours daily

The ideal light range for Zamioculcas zamiifolia includes partial sun and full shade, replicating their understory origins. In such lighting conditions, the plant can maintain vigorous growth, robust leaves, and a balanced, pest-resistant state.

What is the ideal lighting for Zamioculcas zamiifolia? ›

How can I achieve the ideal light conditions for my ZZ plant? ›

What benefits does the ZZ plant receive from ideal lighting? ›

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What Is the Ideal Temperature Range for Zanzibar gem?

Ideal Temperature: 65 ~ 75℉

Zamioculcas zamiifolia, commonly known as the ZZ plant, thrives best in temperatures ranging from 65°F to 75°F. This temperature range ensures optimal growth and maintains the plant's lush, green appearance. Keeping the plant within this range mimics its native warm habitat, promoting healthy photosynthesis and preventing stress-related issues.

What Soil is Best for Zanzibar gem?

Soil type: Loam, Sandy loam

Soil PH: 6.5 ~ 7.5

Zamioculcas zamiifolia thrives in well-draining soil that prevents waterlogging, which can lead to root rot. A soil mix that includes perlite or sand will help ensure proper drainage, promoting healthy root development. While Zanzibar Gem is not particularly fussy about soil quality, moderately fertile soil will support steady growth. Adding a bit of compost can enhance fertility, benefiting the plant by increasing nutrient availability without overloading it. Good aeration in the soil is crucial for ZZ plants, as it allows roots to breathe and absorb nutrients efficiently. Achieving this with a soil that has larger particles, like a sandy loam, enhances plant health and vigor. More About Soil Group→

How to Fertilize Zanzibar gem?

Fertilizer type: Balanced

For Zamioculcas zamiifolia, a balanced, dilute liquid fertilizer should be used at half strength. Over-fertilization can harm the plant, so ensure that the fertilizer is diluted according to the package instructions, typically to half-strength, before applying it to your plants. More About Fertilizing Techniques Group→

How to Prune Zanzibar gem?

Pruning Time: Spring, Summer

Begin by inspecting your Zamioculcas zamiifolia for leaves that are yellowing or have turned completely brown. These should be pruned first as they no longer contribute to the plant’s health. Using your tools, gently trim away the identified leaves at their base. Make sure to cut as close to the soil as possible to avoid leaving stubs, which can attract pests. If your plant is dense, selectively prune some of the inner stems. Although this isn’t necessary for the plant’s health, it can improve air circulation and the overall shape.

How to Propagate Zanzibar gem plant?

Propagate Time: Spring, Early summer

Choose a healthy parent plant free from disease and damage. This ensures that the cuttings or divisions taken will have the best chance of successful growth.

Cut a healthy stem or leaf from the plant using sterilized pruning shears. Ensure the cut is smooth and free from any jagged edges to prevent infection.

Dip the cut end of the stem or leaf in rooting hormone. Plant it in a prepared growing medium, ensuring the soil is well-draining and lightly moistened.

How to Repot Zanzibar gem plant?

Repotting frequency: Every 2-3 years

Repotting Zamioculcas zamiifolia becomes necessary when you can see roots emerging through drainage holes or when growth slows. This plant doesn't like too large a pot, so finding the right time for repotting is essential for its health and growth.

Select a pot that is only slightly bigger than the current one, preferably made of a breathable material like terracotta. The pot should have adequate drainage holes to prevent water logging, which the ZZ plant dislikes. This ensures better aeration for the roots.

Opt for a well-draining soil mix containing sand and loam. This type of soil prevents water accumulation at the roots which can lead to rot. It mimics the plant's natural environment and promotes healthy growth.

More About Repotting Techniques Group→

Toxicity of Zanzibar gem

Is Zanzibar gem toxic to humans?

The Zanzibar gem is a popular indoor plant that must be kept out of reach from small children and anyone who requires supervision to ensure their safety. Its attractive, glossy leaves contain calcium oxalate crystals. These minuscule, blade-shaped crystals can inflict damage on the mouth, throat, and digestive system when chewed and swallowed, leading to significant swelling and intense irritation. In addition to the discomfort in the mouth and throat, calcium oxalate crystals can lead to serious gastrointestinal issues, such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Is Zanzibar gem toxic to cat?

The Zanzibar gem is recognized as being harmful to cats. If these animals inadvertently consume any portion of the plant, they might exhibit poisoning symptoms, including mouth irritation, gastrointestinal discomfort, and possible skin irritation with extended skin contact. Due to these dangers, it is vital for cat owners to keep their pets away from the Zanzibar gem and to monitor them carefully for any signs of distress. Should poisoning occur, seeking prompt veterinary care is imperative to safeguard the health of the affected cat.

Is Zanzibar gem toxic to dog?

The Zanzibar gem is recognized as toxic to dogs, and if any part of this plant is consumed by a dog, it can result in poisoning. Every part of the plant, including its leaves, stems, and roots, contains toxic substances that can pose a danger when ingested by pets. Dogs may inadvertently chew on parts of the Zanzibar gem out of curiosity or due to its easy accessibility. After consuming the plant, a dog may show signs such as vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and in more severe instances, even breathing difficulties. Therefore, it is essential for dog owners to remain alert and keep their pets away from the Zanzibar gem. Should a dog ingest any portion of this plant, it is vital to seek immediate veterinary assistance to secure the best possible outcome for the animal.

WARNING

The judgment on toxicity and danger is for reference only. We DO NOT GUARANTEE any accuracy of such judgment. Therefore, you SHALL NOT rely on such judgment. It is IMPORTANT TO SEEK PROFESSIONAL ADVICE in advance when necessary.

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Learn More About Zanzibar gem Diseases

Anthracnose Bacterial Wilt Damping-off Drought Stress Fusarium Wilt Gray Mold Leaf Spot Nutrient Deficiency Root Rot