Funeral bell

Galerina marginata

A species of Galerina. Also known as Autumn skullcap, Marginate pholiota.

Across the Northern Hemisphere, the deadly funeral bell mushroom is found growing on woody debris, stumps, and logs of both deciduous and coniferous trees. This highly poisonous fungus has been linked to at least one documented fatality, primarily due to its striking resemblance to edible mushroom varieties.

Attributes of Funeral bell

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Cap Diameter
1 - 8 cm
Height
2 - 10 cm
Cap
Cap 1.5 - 8 cm; convex to flat; honey yellow, cinnamon to brownish orange; sticky when fresh or wet, bald; margin usually becoming naked and finely lined at maturity
Cap Shape
Convex, Flat, Bell-shaped
Cap Surfaces
Smooth, Slimy or slightly sticky, Visible lines or stripes
Gills
Adnate; close or nearly distant; yellowish, becoming rusty brown
Gill Attachment
Attached
Stem
Stem 2 - 8 cm long, 3 - 8 mm thick; equal; whitish to brownish, turning dark brown to reddish brown from the base up; bald
Stem Shapes
Cylindrical
Stem Surfaces
Fibrillose
Flesh
Insubstantial; yellowish to watery brownish; unchanging when sliced
Ring
With Ring
Spore Print Color
Rusty brown
Odor
Slightly mealy, generally not distinctive.
Body Color
BrownYellowWhiteOrange
Flesh Bruises
The flesh or milk does not discolor when bruised or cut.
Growth Form
Scattered, Gregarious, Clustered
Nutrient Gathering
Saprophytic
Substrate
Dead Woods, Wood Chips or Mulch
You can find Funeral bell by these plants
Eastern cottonwood, Spruces, European beech
Occurence Habitats
Deciduous Woodland, Coniferous Woodland, Mixed Woodland, Meadows
Species Status
Widely distributed and common in North America
Endangered Species
No

Scientific Classification of Funeral bell

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Phylum
Club fungi
Class
Mushroom-forming fungi
Order
Gilled fungi
Family
Hymenogastraceae
Genus
Galerina
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Toxicity and Edibility of Funeral bell

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Is Funeral bell Toxic?

Typically thriving in moist, decaying timber from autumn through early winter, the Funeral Bell mushroom poses significant health risks if consumed. Initial reactions to ingestion may manifest as nausea, abdominal cramps, and lightheadedness, potentially progressing to severe liver impairment and cardiac arrest. This mushroom is characterized by its brown cap and stem, along with its distinctive gill structure, and it is strongly advised against consumption.

Toxins type
Amatoxins, Phallotoxins, Virotoxins
Type of poisoning
Hepatotoxic
Toxic Severity
Extreme toxicity
Incubation Period
4-24 hours
Poisoning Symptoms
Early symptoms: abdominal cramps, nausea, weakness, vomiting, and dizziness, with potential for circulatory failure. Later stages: calf and abdominal cramps, hepatitis, heart failure, bloody diarrhea, and liver damage.

Is Funeral bell Toxic to Dogs?

Funeral bell can be dangerous to dogs. If your pet has consumed this mushroom, seek immediate veterinary attention. Symptoms may vary, but early intervention is crucial for the best outcome.