Stinkwort (Dittrichia graveolens)

Stinkwort, also known as Cape khakiweed, Lesser samphire

An example of an invasive annual herb that fits your description is the stinkwort (Dittrichia graveolens). Typically reaching heights of up to 91 cm, it produces yellow, radial-shaped flowers in late summer. This plant has become a problematic invasive species in California, posing a threat to wine cultivation and is classified as a noxious weed in several areas.