Euphorbia pulcherrima (Euphorbia pulcherrima)

The poinsettia, known scientifically as Euphorbia pulcherrima, is a significant flowering plant from the diverse Euphorbiaceae or spurge family. Originating from Mexico and Central America, the plant was first identified by Europeans in 1834. Its prominence is owed to its striking red and green leaves that make it a popular choice in Christmas decorations. It got its English name from Joel Roberts Poinsett, a United States minister to Mexico, who introduced it to the US in the 1820s. Poinsettias can grow as shrubs or small trees reaching from 0.6 to 4 m tall. Contrary to the belief that they are highly poisonous, they pose no severe risk to pets or children although eating the plant can sometimes cause stomach upsets. Poinsettias are naturally found from Mexico to Southern Guatemala living in Pacific-facing hills in mid-altitude areas. The ancestor of most cultivated populations is believed to be a group found inland in the Mexican state of Guerrero. However, their habitats suffer from rampant deforestation causing fragmented wild populations. These plants were previously grown by the Aztecs for medical uses and now, associated with the Christmas season, they make popular festive decorations. The US sees an average sale of around 70 million poinsettias across various cultivars in a six-week period annually, with Paul Ecke Ranch, a prominent supplier for half of the global demand and 70% of the US market.